Publications & Preprints

2026

What Drives LLM-Generated Hypotheses? Attribution-Informed Context Engineering for Scientific Discovery
A. Mahmud, A. Abdel Rehim, G. Reader, and R. King
In Progress, 2026
Adaptive uncertainty quantification for autonomous agents: a critical review of modular Bayesian frameworks
A. Mahmud, A. Wilson, A. Suzie, & P. Baker
In Progress, 2026
The Disenchantment of Disenchantment: Tartaglia and Llanera on the Defence of Nihilism
A. Mahmud
PhilPapers, 2026
PhilPapers

2025

Exploring the role of large language models in the scientific method: from hypothesis to discovery
Y. Zhang, S. A. Khan, A. Mahmud, F. Abrahao, J. Salazar, S. Huck, M. Levin, Jesper, J. Frey, J. Dunnmon, J. Evans, A. Bundy, S. Dzeroski, and H. Zenil
npj Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1, Article 14, 2025
npj artificial intelligence
DEFT-RA: Defence-Fitted Targeted Reasoning Assessment for Attribution-Based Plausibility Filtering of LLM-Generated Hypotheses in Defence Research and Development
A. Mahmud
Zenodo, 2025
Zenodo
Graph-based Complexity and Computational Capabilites of Proteinoid Spike Systems
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, P. Mougoyannis, and A. Adamatzky
arXiv:2504.10362, Apr. 2025
arXiv

2024

Information-theoretic language of proteinoid gels: Boolean gates and QR codes
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, M. Panagiotis, and A. Adamatzky
arXiv:2405.19337, May 2024
arXiv
LLM-assisted Science for Knowledge Discovery
Y. Zhang, Sumeer A. Khan A. Mahmud, F. Abrahao, J. Salazar, S. Huck, M. Levin, Jesper, J. Frey, J. Dunnmon, J. Evans, A. Bundy, S. Dzeroski, and H. Zenil
Submitted to Nature Communication, 2024
arXiv

2023

Extension of Transformational Machine Learning: Classification Problems in Drug Discovery
A. Mahmud, O. Orhobor, and R. D. King
arXiv:2309.16693, Sep. 2023
arXiv
Expanding Merlin-Arthur Classifiers: Interpretable Neural Networks through Interactive Proof Systems
S. Wäldchen, B. Turan, A. Mahmud, K. Sharma, M. Zimmer, and S. Pokutta
Poster presented at the Berlin Mathematics Research Center (MATH+), 2023
Morphological and functional complexity of proteinoid microspheres
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, M. Panagiotis, and A. Adamatzky
arXiv:2306.11458, Jun. 2023
arXiv
The Poetics of Existential Crossroads: Navigating Modernity through Kiarostami's Cinema
A. Mahmud
Journal Of The History Of Ideas, 2023
JHI

2022

A complexity perspective on fluid mechanics
S. Sharma, G. Marcucci, and A. Mahmud
arXiv:2212.00153, Dec. 2022
arXiv