Publications & Preprints

2026

What Drives LLM-Generated Hypotheses? Attribution-Informed Context Engineering for Scientific Discovery
A. Mahmud, A. Abdel Rehim, G. Reader, A. Wilson and R. King
29th International Conference on Discovery Science
Preprint
Adaptive uncertainty quantification for autonomous agents: a critical review of modular Bayesian frameworks
A. Mahmud, A. Wilson, A. Suzie, & P. Baker
In Progress, 2026
Mirrors of Modernity across Bengali Borderlines: Autobiographical Traces of the Search for Self
A. Barua, A. Mahmud
South Asian History and Culture, History of Bengali Literature: Language, Taylor & Francis, 2026
PhilArchive

2025

Exploring the role of large language models in the scientific method: from hypothesis to discovery
Y. Zhang, S. A. Khan, A. Mahmud, F. Abrahao, J. Salazar, S. Huck, M. Levin, Jesper, J. Frey, J. Dunnmon, J. Evans, A. Bundy, S. Dzeroski, and H. Zenil
npj Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 1, Article 14, 2025
npj artificial intelligence
Graph-based Complexity and Computational Capabilites of Proteinoid Spike Systems
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, P. Mougoyannis, and A. Adamatzky
Royal Society Open Science, (2026) 13 (8): 252297
Royal Society Open Science

2024

Information-theoretic language of proteinoid gels: Boolean gates and QR codes
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, M. Panagiotis, and A. Adamatzky
arXiv:2405.19337, May 2024
arXiv
LLM-assisted Science for Knowledge Discovery
Y. Zhang, Sumeer A. Khan A. Mahmud, F. Abrahao, J. Salazar, S. Huck, M. Levin, Jesper, J. Frey, J. Dunnmon, J. Evans, A. Bundy, S. Dzeroski, and H. Zenil
Submitted to Nature Communication, 2024
arXiv

2023

Extension of Transformational Machine Learning: Classification Problems in Drug Discovery
A. Mahmud, O. Orhobor, and R. D. King
arXiv:2309.16693, Sep. 2023
arXiv
Expanding Merlin-Arthur Classifiers: Interpretable Neural Networks through Interactive Proof Systems
S. Wäldchen, B. Turan, M. Zimmer, A. Mahmud, K. Sharma, and S. Pokutta
Poster presented at the Berlin Mathematics Research Center (MATH+), 2023
Morphological and functional complexity of proteinoid microspheres
S. Sharma, A. Mahmud, G. Tarabella, M. Panagiotis, and A. Adamatzky
arXiv:2306.11458, Jun. 2023
arXiv
The Poetics of Existential Crossroads: Navigating Modernity through Kiarostami's Cinema
A. Mahmud
Journal Of The History Of Ideas, 2023
JHI

2022

A complexity perspective on fluid mechanics
S. Sharma, G. Marcucci, and A. Mahmud
arXiv:2212.00153, Dec. 2022
arXiv